![]() ![]() ![]() Since then, researchers have started to investigate the integration of Digital Twin to realize CPSs for smart manufacturing.īased on a physical product in the manufacturing environment, Digital Twin creates a highly accurate digital model to simulate the multiphysical behavior of the product in cyberspace, and performs advanced analytics to improve manufacturing processes by integrating historical and real-time data obtained from the product. It is a model-based method to simulate the synchronization of the physical world and the related cyber world across the entire product lifecycle. The concept of Digital Twin was introduced to the general public by NASA as “ an integrated multiphysics, multiscale, probabilistic simulation of an as-built vehicle or system that uses the best available physical models, sensor updates, fleet history, etc., to mirror the life of its corresponding flying twin”. Two parallel networks and the relationship between IoT, Digital Twin and CPS. ![]() Specifically, the digital replica of a real-world “thing” can be characterized by Digital Twin. With regard to the structure of CPS, as shown in Figure 1 (adapted from ), there are two parallel networks where a physical network interconnects field devices through IoT technologies, and a cyber network comprises a digital replica of the physical assets. Embedded computers and networks monitor and control the physical processes, usually with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice versa”. According to the definition, “ cyber-physical systems are integrations of computation with physical processes. The CPS has been proposed to bring the physical and the virtual world together for real-time data perception. The significance of its application area not only drives effective decision making, but also influences global economic systems and opportunities. It plays a key role in enhancing dynamic data and information processing capabilities, and affects operational agility. ![]() The IoT is an infrastructure to link physical assets based on embedded sensors for the purpose of data transmission. Several emerging concepts, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs), have gained increasing attention across industries and are becoming more and more complex and relevant. However, even with its popularity in recent decades, at present, many enterprises are still in the early stages of the transition, and related technologies need to further develop before large-scale industry adoption. Industry 4.0, the latest industrial revolution, has challenged the manufacturing industry with the advancement of digital technologies, and many governments have established their own strategic program to embrace the transformation and benefit from this wave. Additionally, there are two war rooms in the CPF that can be used to establish a collaborative platform: one is the Physical War Room, used to integrate real data, and the other is the Cyber War Room for handling simulation data and the results of the CPF. Relying on the DTS, we also propose a microservice software architecture, Cyber-Physical Factory (CPF), to simulate the shop floor environment. The novel concept is called Data Twin, and the deployable service to support the simulation is known as the Data Twin Service (DTS). In this study, we provide a view from a data simulation perspective and adopt machine learning approaches to simplify the high-fidelity virtual models in Digital Twin. Since it is very difficult to create high-fidelity virtual models, the development of digital manufacturing for aircraft manufacturers is challenging. Digital Twin and Cyber-Physical Systems in Industry 4.0 are key techniques to develop digital manufacturing. Because of the complex production processes and technology-intensive operations that take place in the aerospace and defense industry, introducing Industry 4.0 into the manufacturing processes of aircraft composite materials is inevitable. ![]()
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